Research Guide: Semaglutide

Overview

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) receptor agonist. It mimics the natural hormone GLP-1, which is released in the gut in response to eating.

In The Body

• Insulin: Promotes insulin secretion when blood sugar is high.
• Glucagon: Suppresses glucagon secretion (which lowers sugar output from the liver).
• Gastric Emptying: Slows down how fast the stomach empties, leading to feeling full longer.
• Appetite: Acts on the brain (hypothalamus) to reduce hunger signals.

Pharmacokinetics

Half-Life: Approximately 7 days (168 hours).

This long half-life allows for once-weekly administration. Steady-state concentration in the plasma is typicaly reached after 4-5 weeks of consistent dosing.

Typical Research Titration

To minimize side effects (nausea), research protocols almost always follow a "low and slow" titration schedule:

• Month 1: 0.25mg / week
• Month 2: 0.50mg / week
• Month 3: 1.00mg / week
• Month 4: 1.70mg / week
• Month 5+: 2.40mg / week (Max dose)

Note: Many subjects stay at lower doses if effective.